Orang punya caranya sendiri sendiri mempelajari bahasa Inggris. Untuk bagian tenses, orang Indonesia bahkan suka banget sampai ada buku tentang 16 tenses. Kamusnya milyaran kata.
Menurut mbak sih 12 saja tenses itu cukup, asal kita pahami sekaligus beserta mode nominal, aktif, dan pasifnya.
TENSES 1: PRESENT SIMPLE
Nominal | Aktif | Pasif | |
Positif | S + am/is/are + | S + V1 + | S + am/is/are + V3 + |
Negatif | S + am/is/are + not + | S + do/does + not + V1 + | S + am/is/are + not + V3 + |
Interogatif | Am/Is/Are + S + | Do/Does + S + v1 + | Am/Is/Are + S + V3 + |
Kata Tanya | QW + am/is/are + S + | QW + do/does + S + V1 + | QW + am/is/are + S + V3 + |
TENSES 2: PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Nominal | Aktif | Pasif | |
Positif | S + am/is/are + | S + am/is/are + Ving + | S + am/is/are + being + V3 + |
Negatif | S + am/is/are + not + | S + am/is/are + not + Ving + | S + am/is/are + not + being + V3 + |
Interogatif | Am/Is/Are + S + | Am/Is/Are + s + Ving + | Am/Is/Are + S + being + V3 + |
Kata Tanya | QW + am/is/are + S + | QW + am/is/are + S + Ving + | QW + am/is/are + S + being + V3 + |
TENSES 3: PRESENT PERFECT
Nominal | Aktif | Pasif | |
Positif | S + have / has + been + | S + have / has + V3 + | S + have / has + been + V3 + |
Negatif | S + have / has + not + been + | S + have / has + not + V3 + | S + have / has + not + been + V3 + |
Interogatif | Have / Has + S + been + | Have / Has + S + V3 + | Have / Has + S + been + V3 + |
Kata Tanya | QW + have / has + S + been + | QW + have / has + S + V3 + | QW + have / has + S + been + V3 + |
TENSES 4: PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Nominal | Aktif | Pasif | |
Positif | S + have / has + been + | S + have / has + been + Ving + | |
Negatif | S + have / has + not + been + | S + have / has + not + been + Ving + | |
Interogatif | Have / Has + S + been + | Have / Has + S + been + Ving + | |
Kata Tanya | QW + have / has + S + been + | QW + have / has + S + been + Ving + |
TENSES 5: PAST SIMPLE
Nominal | Aktif | Pasif | |
Positif | S + was / were + | S + V2 | S + was / were + V3 + |
Negatif | S + was / were + not + | S + did + not + V1 | S + was / were + not + V3 + |
Interogatif | Was / Were + S + | Did + S + V1 + | Was / Were + S + V3 + |
Kata Tanya | QW + was / were + S + | QW + did + S + V1 + | QW + was / were + S + V3 + |
TENSES 6: PAST CONTINUOUS
Nominal | Aktif | Pasif | |
Positif | S + was / were + | S + was/were + Ving + | S + was / were + being + V3 + |
Negatif | S + was / were + not + | S + was/were + not + Ving + | S + was / were + not + being + V3 + |
Interogatif | Was / Were + S + | Was/Were + S + Ving + | Was / Were + S + being + V3 + |
Kata Tanya | QW + was / were + S + | QW + was/were + S + Ving + | QW + was / were + S + being + V3 + |
TENSES 7: PAST PERFECT
Nominal | Aktif | Pasif | |
Positif | S + had + been + | S + had + V3 + | S + had + been + v3 + |
Negatif | S + had + not + been + | S + had + not + V3 + | S + had + not + been + V3 + |
Interogatif | Had + S + been + | Had + S + V3 + | Had + S + been + v3 + |
Kata Tanya | QW + had + S + been + | QW + had + S + V3 + | QW + had + S + been + V3 + |
TENSES 8: PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Nominal | Aktif | Pasif | |
Positif | S + had + been + | S + had + been + Ving + | |
Negatif | S + had + not + been + | S + had + not + been + Ving + | |
Interogatif | Had + S + been + | Had + S + been + Ving + | |
Kata Tanya | QW + had + S + been + | QW + had + S + been + Ving + |
TENSES 9: FUTURE SIMPLE
Nominal | Aktif | Pasif | |
Positif | S + will + be + | S + will + V1 + | S + will + be + V3 + |
Negatif | S + will + not + be + | S + will + not + V1 + | S + will + not + be + V3 + |
Interogatif | Will + S + be + | Will + S + V1 + | Will + S + be + V3 + |
Kata Tanya | QW + will + S + be + | QW + will + S + V1 + | QW + will + S + be + V3 + |
TENSES 10: FUTURE CONTINUOUS
Nominal | Aktif | Pasif | |
Positif | S + will + be + | S + will + be + Ving + | |
Negatif | S + will + not + be + | S + will + not + be + Ving + | |
Interogatif | Will + S + be + | Will + S + be + Ving + | |
Kata Tanya | QW + will + S + be + | QW + will + S + be + Ving + |
TENSES 11: FUTURE PERFECT
Nominal | Aktif | Pasif | |
Positif | S + will + have + been + | S + will + have + V3 + | S + will + have + been + V3 + |
Negatif | S + will + not + have + been + | S + will + not + have + V3 + | S + will + not + have + been + V3 + |
Interogatif | Will +S + have + been + | Will + S + have + V3 + | Will + S + have + been + V3 + |
Kata Tanya | QW + will + S + have + been + | QW + will + S + have + V3 + | QW + will + S + have + been + V3 + |
TENSES 12: FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Nominal | Aktif | Pasif | |
Positif | S + will + have + been + | S + will + have + been + Ving + | |
Negatif | S + will + not + have + been + | S + will + not + have + been + Ving + | |
Interogatif | Will +S + have + been + | Will + S + have + been + Ving + | |
Kata Tanya | QW + will + S + have + been + | QW + will + S + have + been + Ving + |
Ya, 12 saja cukup. Tapi tentu saja mungkin hanya 6 tenses yang rutin dipakai dalam keseharian maupun IELTS (Present Simple, Present Continuous, Present Perfect, Past Simple, Past Perfect, Future Simple). Di postingan selanjutnya, kita akan belajar lebih dalam lagi tentang tenses ini.